We begin with Robert Jay Lifton, a psychiatrist who has studied the psychological causes and effects of war and political violence. Today we're going to listen back to three FRESH AIR interviews which explore whether the use of atomic weapons against Japan was justified and whether the American public was misled about their effects. Though nine countries now have nuclear weapons, the attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki remain their only use in armed conflict. Estimates of those killed in the two cities range from 150,000 to roughly 225,000. military and political leaders to use atomic weapons on a civilian population.
This week, as we mark the 78th anniversary of the destruction of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, American audiences seeing the film "Oppenheimer" are revisiting the fateful decisions made by U.S.
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